晉太宗宣武帝實錄4

晉太宗宣武帝實錄4

陳牧:何為禮也,先生教我。

蕭凡:夫禮者,所以定親疏、決嫌疑、別同異、明是非也。

陳牧:先生試述之。

蕭凡:道德仁義,非禮不成,教訓正俗,非禮不備,紛爭辨訟,非禮不決,君臣上下,父子兄弟,非禮不定,宦學事師,非禮不親,班朝治軍,蒞官行法,非禮,威嚴不行,禱祠祭祀,供給鬼神,非禮,不誠不庄,故聖人示人以禮。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣,然其於國乃何?

蕭凡:夫禮之於國,猶衡之於輕重也,繩墨之於曲直也,規矩之於方圓也,故衡誠懸,不可欺以輕重,繩墨誠陳,不可欺以曲直,規矩誠設,不可欺以方圓,君子審禮,不可誣以奸詐,故安國治民,莫善於禮也。

陳牧:非先生之言,寡人不悟也。

chenmu:Whatisthetruemeaningofetiquette,Sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:Etiquettecandistinguishbetweennearandfarrelatives,aswellasdistinguishbetweenrightandwrongandsuspicion。

chenmu:Sir,pleaseelaborate。

xiaofan:Moralbenevolencecannotsucceedwithoutetiquettetoregulate,Withoutetiquettenorms,theworldcannotbecivilized,Contradictionsanddisputescannotberesolvedwithoutetiquettenorms,Thereischaoswithoutetiquettebetweenfathersandsons,Learningfromateacherwithoutetiquettenormswillnotbeclose,Governingthecountryandthearmywithoutetiquettenormswillhavenomajesty,Sacrificestoancestorsandghostsandgodswouldbeinsincerewithoutetiquettenorms,Therefore,thesaintsusedliturgicalnormstoeducatetheworld。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings,Butwhatgoodisitforthecountry。

xiaofan:Etiquetteisofgreatsignificancetothecountry,Itisequivalenttomeasuringtheweightofthescale,Itisequivalenttomeasuringcurvaturewitharuler,Itisequivalenttodrawingacirclewithacompass,Therefore,itisveryimportanttouseetiquettetostabilizethecountryandgovernthepeople。

chenmu:Ifitwasn『tforSirteachingme,Iwouldn『thaveunderstood。

陳牧:今已息兵三載,士馬精悍,且梁國內亂不休,寡人慾伐之以救民於水火,可乎?先生以為如何?

蕭凡:臣以為時機已至,梁與國鄰接,沃野萬里,士民殷富,若據而有之,此帝王之資也。梁王已故,二子不協,軍中諸將,各有彼此。劉斌險詐,與其有隙,寄寓於其地,梁惡其能而不能用也,大王欲取梁國,宜撫安之,與結盟好,以斷大梁之翼,方可興師伐梁。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人謹受教。

chenmu:Nowthearmyhasbeentrainedforthreeyearsandisveryelite,Therewasagreatdisturbanceinliang,andIwantedtotaketheopportunitytoattackittosavethepeoplefromtheseaofsuffering,Sirwhatdoyouthink?

xiaofan:Ithinkthetimehascome,LiangGuobordersus,Ithasfertilelandandalargepopulation,Ifyouoccupythisplace,itistherootofhegemony,KingLianghaddied,buthissonsandgeneralswerenotcooperating,LiuBinwassinisterandcunning,andhisarmywasstationedinLiangGuo,ButthereisabigdividebetweenLiuBinandothers,Sohewashatedandnottrusted,Therefore,ifyouwanttoattackLiangGuo,youmustfirstappeaseLiuBin,Andyouwanttoallywithhim,withtheaimofcuttingofftheflankofliangguo,OnlythencanyoustartattackingLiangGuo。

chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:今西涼以平,寡人慾以先生為司徒,錄尚書事,封平陽侯,先生以為如何?

蕭凡:臣以為,今齊、楚未平,戎車方駕,而始滅一國,即受三事之賞,若克殄二寇,將何以加之,且平西涼,乃郭況之功,非臣之力也。

陳牧:先生之言甚善,然先生不受,寡人不安,請先生錄尚書事,勉從王命。

chenmu:NowtheWesternLiangKingdomhasbeenpacified,IwantsirtobethePrimeMinistertohandletheaffairsoftheStateCouncil,andgivesiraknighthood,Sirthoughtso。

xiaofan:IthinktheStateofQi,theStateofChu,isstillthereandthewarhasjustbegun,NowIhavereceivedsuchagreatrewardfortakingoveracountry,IfIdefeattheStateofQiandtheStateofChuagain,howwillIberewarded?Besides,itwasthegeneralLiShengwhoannihilatedtheWesternLiangKingdom,notme。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iamdisturbedthatyoudonotaccepttheappointment,Ihopeyouwillreluctantlyacceptmyappointmenttohandlestatedepartmentaffairs。

陳牧:今委卿以關東之任,以討殘梁,先生當如何處置,寡人願聞其詳。

蕭凡:臣以為,當先破居庸,平洛陽,拒虎牢,長驅汴梁,所謂「疾雷不及掩耳」。吾當親督萬眾,星夜繼發,舟車糧運,水陸俱進,大王勿以為憂也。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人當親帥三軍以為後繼,同先生會獵中原。

chenmu:IhaveappointedyouasthegovernorofKantoaffairstofightagainsttheLiangkingdom,Iwanttoknowwhatyourstrategyis。

xiaofan:IthinkthattheJuyongFortressshouldbeconqueredbeforeattackingLuoyangCity,FirstoccupythexingyangfortressandthenblitzthecityofBieliang,Iwillcommandthewholearmytosetoffinthestarrynight,Andgrainandgrassareparalleltolandandwater,Youdon『thavetoworryaboutit。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iwillleadtheremainingarmytosetofflater,AndhuntwithyouinthehinterlandofLiangguo。

陳牧:夫禮,禁亂之所由生也,猶防止水之所自來也,故寡人頒《通禮》於天下,以厚風俗,不亦可乎?先生以為如何?

蕭凡:臣以為然也,朝覲之禮,所以明君臣之義也,聘問之禮,所以使諸侯相尊敬也。喪祭之禮,所以明臣子之恩也,鄉飲酒之禮,所以明長幼之序也,婚姻之禮廢,則夫婦之道苦,而淫僻之罪多矣,鄉飲酒之禮廢,則長幼之序失,而鬥爭之獄繁矣,喪祭之禮廢,則臣子之恩薄,而背死忘生者眾矣,聘覲之禮廢,則君臣之位失,而背叛侵陵之敗起矣。

陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:Etiquetteeliminatesthesourceofchaosfromtheroot,SoIpromulgateduniversaletiquetteintheworldforsocialharmony,No,itdoesn『twork,Sirthoughtso?

xiaofan:Ithinksotoo,Theetiquetteoftributecanclarifythedistinctionbetweenkingsandministers,Theetiquetteoftheenvoysallowedthedukestorespecteachother,Funeralsallowministerstodeepentheirfeelingsfortheking,Theetiquetteofdrinkingalcoholcandeterminetheorderoftheelderandtheyoung,Onthecontrary,theworldisinchaos。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。

陳牧:今梁地初定,劉斌恃功驕縱,邀求無厭,又以壽春久不下,潛有貳心,必為國患,寡人慾因勢除之,先生以為如何?

蕭凡:臣以為,汝南之盟,不可負也,若其為難,罪由於斌,今事未有形而殺之,人必謂我王忌憚其功能,大王方收攬豪傑以隆大業,不可示人以狹,失天下之望也,藉彼有謀,大王以智防之,無能為也。

陳牧:先生之言是也,所謂驕則速敗,其焉能為患,彼有大功,殺之不義,先生之論何似郭嘉之言?開寡人心懷也!

chenmu:NowLiangGuohasjustbeenpacified,GeneralLiuBinwasproudandindulgentbecauseofhismerits,Andaskedmeforalotofrewardsendlessly,BecauseShouchunCityhasnotbeencapturedforalongtime,Thereisariskthathewillbetrayme,He『sboundtobeahiddendangertothecountry,soIwanttotaketheopportunitytokillhim,Sirthoughtso?

xiaofan:Idon『tthinkyoucanbreakthecovenantofRunan,Ifhebetraysthenthechargeishis,Nowkillhimwithoutthefactofbetrayal,Theworldwillthinkthatyouarejealousofthevirtuous,Youshouldrecruitheroestocreateagreatcause,Andyoucan『tbenarrow-minded,otherwiseyouwilldisappointtheworld,Evenifhewantstobetrayaslongasyouwatchoutinadvance,there『snothingtolose。

chenmu:Sirisright,Pridecanacceleratefailuresohecan『tmakewaves,Hehadmerit,anditwasimmoraltokillhim,Sir『swisewordsuntiedtheknotinmyheart。

陳牧:先生凱旋,寡人慾加先生大司馬,以都督中外諸軍事,先生以為如何?

蕭凡:臣今以元相之重,儲傅之尊,端右事繁,司馬任大,總督戎機,出納帝命,今文武兩寄,巨細並關,以伊、呂、蕭、鄧之賢,尚不能兼,何況臣哉?

陳牧:寡人方混壹四海,非卿誰可委者?先生切莫推辭,前有劉備之於孔明,苻堅之於王猛,今有寡人之於先生,豈不快哉!

chenmu:Sirtriumphantly,Iwouldliketoappointyouasgrandmarshalinchargeofallmilitaryaffairs,Sirthoughtso?

xiaofan:Iamalreadyaveryhonorableprimeminister,andIhavealotofthingstodealwith,TheGrandMarshalisinchargeofthemilitarywithagreatresponsibility,Nowyouhaveaskedmetodealwithbothinternalaffairsandthemilitary,Evenasaintmaynotbecompetent,letaloneme?

chenmu:I『mabouttocalmtheworld,noonebutsircandoit,Youdon『tprevaricate,ItrustyoujustlikeLiuBeibelievesinZhugeLiang,That『saveryhappything。

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